01 - Combine warm milk, sugar, and instant yeast in a large mixing bowl. Let sit for 3–5 minutes until mixture becomes bubbly and foamy, indicating yeast activation.
02 - Add sourdough discard, melted butter, egg, and salt to the yeast mixture. Whisk thoroughly until all wet ingredients are fully incorporated.
03 - Gradually add flour, one cup at a time, mixing after each addition. Continue adding flour until a soft, tacky dough forms. You may not need the full 4 cups—stop when dough holds together but still feels slightly sticky.
04 - Turn dough onto a lightly floured surface. Knead for 7–8 minutes, pushing dough away with heel of hand, folding back over, and rotating quarter turns. Continue until surface becomes smooth and elastic, and dough springs back when pressed.
05 - Place dough in a lightly greased bowl, turning once to coat all surfaces. Cover with plastic wrap or damp towel. Let rise in warm, draft-free area until doubled in bulk, approximately 1 to 1.5 hours.
06 - Punch down risen dough to release air. Divide into 8 equal portions. Roll each piece into a smooth log approximately 6 inches long, tapering ends slightly and ensuring even thickness throughout.
07 - Arrange shaped buns on parchment-lined baking sheet, spacing 2 inches apart to allow for expansion. Cover loosely and let rise until puffy and slightly increased in size, 30–45 minutes.
08 - Preheat oven to 375°F while buns complete their second rise.
09 - Brush risen buns with milk and sprinkle with seeds if using. Bake for 18–20 minutes until deep golden brown on top and bottoms sound hollow when tapped. Rotate pan halfway through for even browning.
10 - Remove from oven and immediately brush tops with melted butter for softer crust. Transfer to wire rack and cool completely before slicing to prevent gummy texture.